Do the benefits of learning to write a compare-contrast text transfer to other types of writing task? Analysing the effects of strategy-focused instruction / ¿Es posible transferir el aprendizaje de un texto de comparación-contraste a otro tipo de tareas? Análisis de los efectos de la instrucción estratégica

El programa de Instrucción de la Autorregulación Cognitiva (CSRI) se basa en la instrucción centrada en la estrategia e incluye tres componentes para la mejora del producto textual (enseñanza directa, modelado y práctica entre iguales). Se plantearon como objetivosanalizar si la instrucción con el programa CSRI en un género textual (texto de comparación) conducía a la transferencia espontánea en el producto textual (mejor coherencia, estructura y calidad) en un género no instruido (texto de opinión); y examinar si el orden de los componentes instruccionales presentaba algún efecto. Participaron 126 estudiantes de cuarto de educación primaria que fueron asignados a una de las dos condiciones experimentales en las que se aplicaba el programa CSRI (con diferente secuencia de los componentes instructivos), o a una condición de control en la que se seguía la enseñanza tradicional. Los resultados reflejaron que las dos secuencias de instrucción del programa CSRI mostraban beneficios en la estructura y coherencia del producto textual de los estudiantes en el posttest pero no 8 meses después. Para que los alumnos sean capaces de transferir adecuadamente lo aprendido a géneros textuales no instruidos, necesitan que los profesores les enseñen cómo hacerlo eficazmente.(AU)

Cognitive Self-Regulation Instruction (CSRI) program is a strategy-focused instruction with three instructional components for im-proving students’ writing product (direct teaching, modelling, and peer-practice). The present study aimed to explore whether the CSRI program leads to spontaneous transfer, improving the writing product (in terms of quality, structure, and text coherence) of an uninstructed genre (opinion text); and to examine whether the order in which the instructional compo-nents were implemented had an effect. A total of 126 students in their 4thyear of primary school participated in the study. They were randomly as-signed to one of two experimental conditions which received the CSRI but differed in the order the instructional components were delivered, or to a control condition which followed the traditional teaching approach. Our findings show that both CSRI sequences produced benefits in terms of greater structure and coherence of the writing product in the opinion text at post-test but not 8months after the intervention. In consequence, for students to be able to adequately transfer strategies to uninstructed text genres, they need teachers to teach them how to do it effectively.(AU)

[The Textual Relationship between Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian and YiJi ZhiJin].

Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian(The Dictionary of Chinese Medicine,«¼) is the first comprehensive dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine in China. The dictionary, edited by Xie Guan()and compiled for several years by the teachers and students of Shanghai Special School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was first published by The Commercial Press in 1921. In 1919, Lu Simian() joined The Commercial Press to assist Xie Guan who is his old friend in compiling the contents on medical books for the dictionary . In the same year, Lu Simian wrote a book called YiJi ZhiJin(«¼). Recently, some scholars believe that Xie Guan disassembled YiJi ZhiJin and compiled it into Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian. Through a comparative study of these two, it can be seen that YiJi ZhiJin and Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian do use homologous materials in the interpretation of some medical books, but YiJi ZhiJin as a whole is not compiled into Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian, and the idea of there is a plagiarism relationship between them is incorrect.

[Medical figures in Wang Ao Ji].

Wang Ao was a famous politician and litterateur in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Wang Ao Ji comprehensively sorts out Wang's works for the first time, and collects all the poems and notes written by himself. A total of 38 physicians were recorded in Wang Ao Ji, among them, Wang Ao had close contacts with many physicians such as Zhou Geng, Zhou Xu'an, Sheng Rubi, Zhang Yangzheng and Chen Chong. Wang Ao and Zhou Geng are both core members of the literary society of Wuzhong, in the capital of Beijing. Wang Ao once wrote an epitaph for Zhou Xu'an, a tablet inscription for Sheng Rubi and a biography for Zhang Yangzheng. And Chen Chong once cured Wang's nephew's diarrhea caused by acne rash.The biographical records of physicians in Wang Ao Ji are highly reliable, and some medical information is the main source of official history and medical history works, which contains important historical value. Relevant contents about medical figures recorded in class of works, local chronicles, genealogy, anthology, notes and other ancient books, to a great extent, enrich biographical data of physicians, which is worth further research.

Distinguishing Authentic Voices in the Age of ChatGPT: Comparing AI-Generated and Applicant-Written Personal Statements for Plastic Surgery Residency Application.

BACKGROUND: ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence model, may be used by future applicants in the plastic surgery residency match. METHODS: Ten personal statements (5 generated by ChatGPT, 5 written by applicants) were rated by 10 reviewers, blinded to the source of the essay. RESULTS: A total of a 100 evaluations were collected. There was no significant difference in ratings for readability, originality, authenticity, and overall quality (all P > 0.05) when comparing computer-generated and applicant essays. CONCLUSION: Personal statements prepared by ChatGPT are indistinguishable from essays written by actual applicants. This finding suggests that the current plastic surgery application format be reevaluated to better aid in holistic evaluation of students.

[The relationship between Zhu Kerou and the publication Medical History in the Past and Present].

Medical History in the Past and Present (Gu Jin Yi Shi), written by Wang Honghan, has been valued by historians since its discovery. Its publication was linked to Zhu Kerou but the relationship between the book and Zhu had been unclear for a long time. This paper examined medical books, medical notes, letters and local chronicles and other related materials. It was found that Zhu Kerou, also named Wengang and Yanyu, lived in Wu County, Jiangsu. He had studied under Miao Zunyi, a well-known doctor at that time, as his medical teacher for more than ten years. However, he did not maintain medicine as his career, but made a living with arts. He wrote Notes of Orchid (Di Yi Xiang Bi Ji) and had it published, collated and edited as part of the first seven volumes of Medical History in the Past and Present (Gu Jin Yi Shi). He also contributed to two additional volumes of this book.

The effect of expressive writing on Chinese cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trails.

Cancer patients in China encounter distinctive challenges stemming from cultural disparities and variations in the healthcare systems. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a synthesis of the expressive writing (EW) interventions delivered to Chinese cancer patients and assess the pooled effect of EW on their well-being. The review adheres to the latest PRISMA 2020 guidelines to ensure transparency and rigour. Randomized control trials (RCTs) published before 1 April 2023, and meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Keywords searching was performed in both English and Chinese electronic databases. Ten RCTs were identified and included in the analysis. The results showed that EW usually encompassed four to six writing sessions; the most common writing themes were 'emotional expression', 'cognitive appraisal', 'benefit finding', 'coping strategies' and 'looking to the future'. The meta-analysis suggested that EW had a substantial impact on reducing anxiety levels (Hedges' g = -1.22, 95% CI [-1.54, -0.90], I2 = 0.00%). It is worth noting that although the results of these studies could not be statistically synthesized, their individual findings suggest that EW may be beneficial in reducing anxiety, self-perceived burden and depressive symptoms, as well as increasing self-efficacy in Chinese cancer patients. In conclusion, this review highlights the importance and effectiveness of Ewin alleviating anxiety among Chinese cancer patients and underscores the potential benefits of incorporating EW into comprehensive care programmes for cancer patients in China. More RCTs are needed to explore the broader impact of EW in China.

Reading the self-other drama of the clinical encounter: The role of literary reading and writing as a challenge for psychiatrists.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to suggest ways in which literary practices such as reading of fiction and creative writing may be beneficial for psychiatrists in their clinical practice. METHODS: Concepts from literary theory, phenomenology, and psychodynamic thinking will be used to move the therapeutic thinking of the medical paradigm beyond the dichotomic body-mind model. The ability to listen and respond to subjective and intersubjective processes, and the understanding of the dynamics and structure of the verbalized qualia will be emphasized. We will draw on our personal experiences from a pilot project applying literary techniques for psychiatrists and psychologists to improve their clinical practice. RESULTS: In our analysis, we suggest a framing of the clinical encounter as a hermeneutic situation with a gradually growing scenic and poetic understanding of the texts enunciated in the therapeutic actions and of the texts being produced by the patient's mind. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This theoretical study suggests two ways in which literary practices and concepts are highly valuable for the clinical practice of psychologists and psychiatrists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

[Miao Zunyi - his life, writings and students].

Miao Zunyi was an influential physician in the mid-Qing Dynasty. He was self-taught as he read a great amount of prescription books of traditional Chinese medicine. He was proficient in medical theories but flexible in treatment. It was recorded in Draft of Qing History that Miao Zunyi, Ye Tianshi and Xue Shengbai were named as "the three schools of Wuzhong". He began to write books in his later years. He wrote prefaces to Pulse Causes, Syndrome and Treatment (Mai Yin Zheng Zhi) and Wu Yi Hui Jiang. His existing works include Treatise on Febrile Disease (Shang Han Ji Zhu), Wen Re Lang Zhao, Song Xin Notes and Song Xin Medical Cases. Miao's Medical Cases and Song Xin Tang Yi An Jing Yan Chao. He had many remarkable students, such like Huang Tang, Guan Ding, Miao Song, and Shen Nianzu.

Some thoughts on the undergraduate Ayurveda curriculum.

In his reflective piece in this issue, Kishor Patwardhan has exposed the hollowness of the Ayurvedic curriculum in some approaches to anatomy and physiology [1]. Being a teacher of Ayurvedic physiology at the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) and a widely published researcher, his views should be heeded by those responsible for designing the curricula of the Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (BAMS). His paper is not a one-off lament. Patwardhan and several others have been writing for over 10 years on the contradictions between recognised medical science and what is professed in the Ayurvedic curriculum [2, 3]. Having himself subscribed to such subterfuges in the past, he now warns that to "superimpose modern science over classical references (is) unscientific," adding that "such misinterpretations could lead to clinical misapplication, misjudgement" and "smother innovation" [1].

Rest is essential for effective therapies, and so it is for preparing a manuscript.

Numerous medical articles are commented upon. This suggests that their scientific quality is insufficient. This need not be the case, however: most comments regard the presentation of the data, the conclusions or lacking information in the discussion. Such flaws can commonly be attributed to either too much haste in writing the manuscript, or insufficient time between finishing the manuscript and submission; this last problem seems the most common cause, as it deprives the author from reading his own text critically and with an open mind. The solution for this problem is simple: after having finished a manuscript, it should be laid aside for at least a week, after which the author should read it with the eyes of a reader, not the eyes of an author. Critical, open-minded reading after rest helps increase the quality of the resulting manuscript, just like rest helps a patient during most therapies.

Drawing compared to writing in a diary enhances recall of autobiographical memories.

Drawing at encoding has been shown to improve later recall of to-be-remembered words, pictures, and academic terms, compared to when one simply writes out the target information. Here we examined whether drawing in a diary, compared to writing in it, differentially improved later memorability of personal autobiographical events, and whether aging influenced the magnitude of this effect. Thirty younger and thirty older adults were given a diary booklet, and instructed to use it to reminisce about a random daily event of their choosing, on 12 days within a two-week period. They recorded the event on each day in one of two ways, counterbalanced within-subject: by writing about or by drawing a picture of the event. Participants also generated a keyword descriptor for each event. After the two-week period, participants were cued using their keyword descriptors to recall each autobiographical memory by writing it down. Self-reported match accuracy, between reminisced and recalled events was tabulated. Across age groups, match accuracy was significantly higher for those drawn than written during the reminiscing phase. In addition, we compared the word count, level of detail, visual imagery, and point of view of the recalled memories. Self-reports of the level of detail in the recalled memory were better maintained for events drawn compared to written during the reminiscing stage, and better maintained in older than younger adults. Our findings suggest the use of drawing, while reminiscing within a diary format, enhances accuracy and quality of later recollections.

Eating and Drinking Narratives in Biblical-Rabbinic Versus Graeco-Roman Writings.

The writings of ancient Greece and Rome and of biblical Israel are filled with descriptions of food. The narratives in Greek and Roman mythology and poetry often describe violent and repulsive behavior associated with food. The biblical narratives, in contrast, tend to view food in a respectful and purposeful manner. We compare and contrast some of these stories with regard to the specific themes: restraint, respect, purpose, and order. In each comparison, patterns of eating described in biblical laws and narratives will be contrasted with those emerging from Graeco-Roman stories and customs.

Creative writing as a means to recover from early psychosis- Experiences from a group intervention.

BACKGROUND: In this paper, we explore the subjective experiences of a group intervention in creative writing (CW) for young adults being treated for psychosis. METHOD: A qualitative and exploratory design was applied. Five out of eight patients who were offered a course in CW with two-hour weekly sessions for 12 weeks took part in this study. The five participants who followed through were interviewed after project termination. Systematic text condensation was applied to the transcribed interviews. RESULTS: The analysis revealed three overarching themes: a) the group was valued as a creative community, b) there was safety in the structured yet flexible framing of the course, c) the participants experienced creative freedom that enabled a feeling of mastery. CONCLUSION: CW was well conceived. The feelings of connectedness and mastery were prominent. The participants experienced growth on several levels. Our findings support previous work on arts therapy as a means to recovery.

Licentîa hypomnema: reflections and perceptions in teacher education / Licentîa hypomnema: reflexões e percepções na formação de educadoras(es) / Licentîa hypomnema: reflexiones y percepciones en la formación del profesorado

Student protagonism is paramount in the knowledge construction process. In this paper, we discuss a didactic-pedagogical resource called licentîa hypomnema (LH), inspired in portfolios and learning diaries in which student-teachers record their understandings and reflections regarding pedagogical topics learned at University in a meta-learning process on learning about teaching. The initial context of the research was a Psychological Development and Teaching course, offered in the Teacher Education program at Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Two of the authors, then Literacy and Languages Teaching students, produced their LH and peer assessed each other during the course. In their annotations, the student-authors recorded two pedagogical situations related to the use of LH in their own teaching practices, causing an impact on their formative path. These materials consist of the data for analysis and discussion. Moreover, we discuss possible uses of reflexive writing in teacher education and other learning contexts. Producing a LH supports knowledge production and allows students to connect theory and practice, which consequently influences the student's teaching practice. Since LH is a didactic-pedagogical resource and not a close-ended tool, both the context and individuals who use it should be considered.(AU)

O protagonismo de estudantes tem grande importância no processo de construção do conhecimento. Neste artigo, discutimos um recurso didático-pedagógico chamado licentîa hypomnema (LH), inspirado em portfólios e diários de aprendizagem, isto é, estudantes de licenciatura escrevem suas compreensões e reflexões acerca de assuntos pedagógicos vistos na universidade em um processo de meta-aprendizagem sobre aprender a ensinar. O contexto inicial da pesquisa foi um curso de Desenvolvimento Psicológico e Ensino, ministrado em cursos de Licenciatura da Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Duas das autoras eram estudantes do curso de Letras, elas produziram seus LH, realizando avaliação por pares entre si durante o curso. As estudantes-autoras trouxeram em seus registros duas situações pedagógicas relacionadas ao uso desse recurso em suas próprias práticas de ensino que causaram um impacto em suas trajetórias formativas. São esses relatos que compõem os dados para análise e discussão. Além disso, procuramos discutir possíveis desdobramentos para o uso do recurso da escrita reflexiva na formação docente e em outros contextos de aprendizagem. A produção do LH fornece suporte para a produção de conhecimento e permite ao aluno conectar teoria e prática, o que, consequentemente, reverbera na prática de ensino do aluno. O LH é um recurso didático-pedagógico e não uma ferramenta fechada, portanto, tanto o contexto quanto as pessoas que o utilizam devem ser considerados.(AU)

El protagonismo de los estudiantes tiene gran importancia en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento. En este trabajo, discutimos un recurso didáctico-pedagógico llamado licentîa hypomnema (LH), que se inspira en diarios de aprendizaje, es decir, estudiantes de profesorado escriben sus comprensiones y reflexiones sobre temas pedagógicos aprendidos en la universidad, produciendo un proceso de meta-aprendizaje sobre aprender a enseñar. El contexto inicial de la investigación fue un curso de Desarrollo Psicológico y Enseñanza, impartido en el programa de Formación de Profesores de la Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Dos de las autoras eran alumnas de la carrera de Letras que produjeron sus LH y realizaron una evaluación por pares mutua durante el curso. Las estudiantes autoras plantearon en su LH dos situaciones pedagógicas relacionadas con el uso de este recurso en sus propias prácticas de enseñanza, causando un impacto en su trayectoria formativa. Estos materiales constituyen los datos para el análisis y la discusión en esta investigación. Buscamos discutir posibles desdoblamientos para el uso del recurso de la escritura reflexiva en la formación docente y en otros contextos de aprendizaje. La producción de este recurso da soporte a la producción de conocimiento y permite al estudiante conectar teoría y práctica, lo que consecuentemente repercute en su práctica docente. El LH es un recurso didáctico-pedagógico y no una herramienta cerrada, por lo tanto, se debe considerar tanto el contexto como las personas que lo utilizan.(AU)

Implementation of an Online Affirmation Discussion for RN-to-BSN Students.

This article describes a quality improvement project that studied students' perceptions about how writing affirmations on an online discussion board helped them transition into the first semester of an RN-to-BSN online program. Analysis of students' responses revealed themes (Transition to a New Group, Enhanced Critical Thinking, and Focus on Client-Centered Care) that aligned with holistic nursing practice and nursing role development.

[Constructing of clinical thinking of acupuncture and moxibustion, improving the medical record writing ability of standardized training physicians: teaching experience of the standardized training textbook Acupuncture and Moxibustion for national TCM resident physicians].

To explore the methods of cultivating the clinical thinking ability of acupuncture and moxibustion in the standardized training of resident physicians, so as to improve the medical record writing ability of the regular training physicians. The clinical diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion has its own characteristics and can't copy the syndrome differentiation and treatment mode of TCM internal medicine. In the treatment section, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, a standardized training textbook for national TCM resident physicians, takes clinical cases as the breakthrough point and uses the problem as the guide, guides the training physicians to cultivate acupuncture and moxibustion clinical diagnosis and treatment from three aspects: disease diagnosis, syndrome diagnosis, and treatment ideas, forms a complete understanding of the disease, and improves the standardization, logicality and systematicness of medical record writing through repeated practical training.

[The works of Zhang Wenzhong as the Shang Yao Feng Yu in the early Tang Dynasty].

Zhang Wenzhong, a famous Chinese medical doctor in the early Tang Dynasty, was granted a particular position as Shang Yao Feng Yu, for the Empress Wu Ze Tian dealing with medication. He was good at dealing with stroke in particular. He also had unique viewpoints towards medical prescriptions and skills. He wrote medical books and developed his own medical theories. All these were recorded in both the Book of Tang and the New Book of Tang. However, most of his works had been lost due to time and the frequent wars in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Six medical prescriptions signed by Zhang Wenzhong were discovered in documents unearthed from the Dun Huang Sutra Cave. They were believed to be important archives of Zhang Wenzhong's writing and medical thoughts. In addition, some pieces of work found in the documents unearthed from Tu Yu Gou were suspected of being written by Zhang Wenzhong. This can be compared with his works cited in the handed-down documents, such as The Collection of Secret Prescriptions (Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang). This paper takes a textual research approach to examine the medical works of Zhang Wenzhong, comparing the handed-down documents with the unearthed documents to examine his medical achievements.

HYSTERICAL APNEA IN THE WORK OF GALEN (CA 129 - 199 AD): GENDER EQUITY IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To presents clinical, epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects of the disease described by Galenos of Pergamon during the 2nd century AD and discusses its implications on contemporary discourse on gender equity and gender - based discrimination. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The authors searched original medical texts written in Greek language and attributed to Galenos for records related to hysterical apnea. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Galen attempted to interpret hysterical apnea by combining clinical and epidemiological observations with anatomical and functional lesions. His approach denounced the anatomically unsound notion of the wandering womb and availed the knowledge of his period in a rational manner. Investigating gender - related aspects of contemporary psychosomatic conditions related to fertility and pregnancy can help address gender - based discrimination in modern societies.